NOVOSIBIRSK RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF BLOOD CIRCULATION PATHOLOGY
THE LEADING
MEDICAL INSTITUTION IN THE ASIAN PART OF RUSSIA
15,
Rechkunovskaya, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630055
Telephone:
7+3832+324758
Fax:
7+3832+324550
by
MAIN ACTIVITIES
Novosibirsk Research Institute of Circulation Pathology is an integrated cardio surgical and cardiological centre destined for treating patients all over a vast area of the Asian part of Russia. Over a period of 42 years Novosibirsk Research Institute of Circulation Pathology, being under federal jurisdiction, has rendered qualified assistance to more than 200,000 patients, 48,000 of which underwent a heart operation.
The Institute is involved
in developing the scientific principles of cardio surgical assistance to
population, the methods of treatment and prophylaxis of cardiovascular diseases
in children and adults. The major line of research being done at the Institute
is pathology of circulation and concomitant processes observed in patients with
various defects of the cardiovascular system, especially heart diseases (both
congenital and acquired), ischemic heart disease, complications of these
diseases, as well as their conjunction with diseases of other organs and
systems. Great emphasis is also placed on surgical correction and intensive
postoperative rehabilitation. Particular attention in scientific investigations
is given to thorough study of general circulation pathology dynamics, phased
development of heart diseases, development of adaptation, compensation and
paracompensation processes in the circulation system. Our cardio surgeons have
a unique chance to directly study a heart, particularly in the course of
operations, while the cardio surgical clinic of Novosibirsk Research Institute
of Circulation Pathology has become the centre of heart physiology/pathology
study. Our researchers have received 78 author's certificates, prepared 27
monographs and 49 collections of scholarly Works. To treat ischemic heart
disease, stenocardia, myocardial infarction and septic states, such unique
methods as perfusionless hypothermia and intravenous application of a laser
beam have been developed and reduced to practice.
Novosibirsk Research
Institute of Circulation Pathology has also become the centre of scientific
activities related to cardiology and cardio surgery all over the huge territory
from the Urals to the Far East: It is here that the scientific societies hold
their conferences, meetings and workshops. Over 8000 cardio surgeons,
cardiologists and anaesthesiologists have been trained for the Institute and
other clinics. Numerous refresher courses are being conducted for physicians
and teachers of medical institutes. The Institute activities are widely covered
abroad. Specialists from Australia, Austria, England, Germany, the Netherlands,
Israel, India, Italy, Canada, China, Mongolia, France, Czech Republic,
Yugoslavia and Japan visit our institute frequently to adopt our methods.
HISTORY
The Institute was
established in 1957 as the Research Institute of Experimental Biology and
Medicine. It was founded by Professor of Medicine Y.N. Meshalkin - the pioneer
of the Soviet cardio surgery. Professor Meshalkin (Academician of the Russian
Academy of Medcical Sciences) was in charge of the Institute until 1990. He was
the first to carry out a cavapulmonal shunt when operating on a patient with
Fallot's tetrad (1956), to re-implant one lung and later both lungs in
succession to a patient with bronchial asthma (1962), to substantiate and use
the method of intravenous laser radiation on patients with ischemic heart
disease (1979). Starting from 1959 he would operate regularly on a «dry» heart
under moderate hypothermia (28-30 degrees Celsius) of patients with congenital
and acquired heart deficiencies.
Since 1990 the Institute
has been run by Professor E.E. Litasova, Corresponding Member of the Russian
Academy of Medical Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural
Sciences, member of three international surgical societies.
Professor E.E. Litasova is the
founder and manager of a unique school of cardio surgery and the author of a
new method developed to carry out sophisticated reconstructive heart surgery
under perfusionless hypothermia. The essence of this method is that heart
surgery is performed under the conditions of deep (without assisted
circulation) hypothermic protection: outer cooling down to 23 - 25 degrees
Celsius by means of either natural or artificial ice and simultaneous treatment
with the medicaments protecting the organism against detrimental effect of the
cold itself. This allowed for the first time in the world's practice to
withdraw a heart from circulation during the operation for a period of 75-90
minutes, thus providing efficient treatment of 75-80 % of patients with
heart diseases.
For over 40 years the
Institute employees have been working continually on the improvement of surgery
technologies enabling to radically cure practically all cardiovascular system
diseases.
INSTITUTE CLINIC STAFF
There are about 850
specialists working at the Institute now: professors, doctors, candidates,
researchers, physicians, nurses, engineers, technicians, etc. The Institute has
a surgical building for 410 beds, 12 operative rooms, postoperative and
recovery wards for 37 beds, laboratories (X-ray, heart catheterization &
contrasting, functional diagnosis, biochemical, immunological, circulation
& respiration physiology, pathomorphology & electronic microscopy),
computing centre, its own donor station, experimental building and so on. The
Institute is well furnished with modern equipment and facilities. There is also
a boarding house/hotel for patients and their relatives.
OPERATIONS AND TREATMENT RESULTS
Various operations on
patients with rare and complex congenital heart diseases, including «blue» and
«pale» ones, are being done at the Institute, the age of patients varying from
a few weeks to over 50. Multi-valve prosthetics is widely used for
patients with acquired heart diseases, while those in need of valve replacement
are offered aortocoronary shunting. Coronary arteries bypass surgery, coronary
plasty, myocardium tunnelling and a number of other modifications undertaken in
the case of a failure to carry out direct revasculation of myocardium find
extensive application in those patients who underwent myocardial infarction or
ischemic infarct complications.
Every year over 3500
patients are treated at the Institute clinic, with 1100 of them undergoing
heart surgery. The 1998 surgical turnover has amounted to US$4,500,000.
More than 560 operations per year on patients with congenital heart
pathologies are performed, with the death rate within 0 to 3.5 %. Simple congenital heart pathologies make up 28 %,
while complex multi-component ones are equal to 72 %. About 250 acquired heart
pathologies are cured every year, with the death rate 1.5 to 4.5%. It is
worthwhile noting that 95 % of patients are operated with a high degree of risk
due to disease stage.
More than 500 operations on
patents with ischemic heart disease are performed annually, with the death rate
0.9+3.5% and 86 % of operations falling in the high-risk category. The
Institute clinic carries out active medical observation of the patients
operated. 80 % of those with congenital heart pathologies show good results at
a later phase of observation, 17 % satisfactory and 3 % - unsatisfactory
results. Correction of acquired heart pathologies yields 47 % of good results,
44 % of satisfactory and 9 % of unsatisfactory results. Surgical intervention
in the case of patients with ischemic heart disease and its complications
results in 17 % of good, 69 % of satisfactory and 14 % of unsatisfactory
outcomes.
To efficiently treat the
patients identified as having heart diseases, the Institute is working closely
with the authorities and medical institutions of the regions.
ROLE OF NOVOSIBIRSK
RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CIRCULATION PATHOLOGY IN CARDIOLOGICAL PATIENTS CURE
The Institute clinic
patients come from a vast territory extending from the Urals to the Far East
with population over 53 million people. For the most part our patients are
residents of Western Siberia (about 50 %), a considerable share of them live in
Eastern Siberia (19 %) and the Far East (17 %). The inhabitants from Middle
Asia, Kazakhstan and European part of Russia are also treated at the Institute.
The Institute's share in the total amount of all operated patients in Siberia runs close to 51 % (patients with congenital heart diseases) and 37 % of patients with acquired heart diseases, with a higher percentage of sophisticated operations. Our institution is the largest cardiological clinic behind the Urals - is has one third of all beds belonging to 10 cardiological centres which are found on this territory.
TREATMENT NEEDS
The needs of population of the
Eastern part of Russia in heart surgery to be performed according to WHO
standards are estimated to be 37,000 operations per year. For example, the
death rate due to circulation-related diseases for men residing in the Eastern
part of Russia varies in different regions from 46 % to 61 % against those
dying a natural death. In the context of an economic crisis in Russia and a
decline in living standards of the population these indicators tend to
deteriorate, thus making heart surgery a problem of today.
At present the potential of
our clinic permits increasing the number of patients treated by 3 times and
performing 3,000 - 4,000 operations per year depending on the diagnosis. The
surgical wards having been re-equipped, we are now able to do any sophisticated
heart surgery. The leading world cardio surgeons who happened to carry out
demonstrative heart surgery at our Institute gave high praise to the clinic
equipment and our surgeons and staff's skills.